Medial Thigh

3 Muscles make up this compartment.


ADDUCTOR LONGUS: flex and adduct the thigh

ADDUCTOR MAGNUS: flex and adduct the thigh

GRACLIS: flex and adduct the thigh

All aid to flex and adduct the thigh! Go figure! ha

Anterior Thigh

Quadriceps: Main action, powerful knee extensors, used for climbing, running and jumping.

4 (Quad) Heads:

>>> RECTUS FEMORIS - extends knee and flexes thigh at hip

>>> VASTUS LATERALIS - extends & stabilizes knee

>>> VASTUS MEDIALIS - extends knee supports patella

>>> VASTUS INTERMEDIUS - extends knee (is hiding behind the rectus femoris)

Gluteus Medius

Covered by Gluteus Maximus.

Action: Abducts and medially rotates the thigh

Gluteus Maximus

Positioned on the posterior aspect of the hip.


Action: Major Extensor of the thigh.

Iliopsoas

(Li-e-o-so-us) how to pronounce it

Consists of iliacus and psoas major.

Iliopsoas is the PRIME MOVER of flexing the thigh. Or flexing the trunk, when bowing. Also plays role in posture.

Pectineus

Hip anterior muscle.

External anal sphincter

allows the voluntary contraction of defecation

Levator Ani (Pelvis Diaphragm)

Supports and maintains position of plevis.

Resists downward thrusts during coughing, vomiting.

Forms sphincters at anorectal and vaginal juncitons.

Lifts Anal canal during defecation.

Rectus Abdominus

Medial superficial abdominal pair, segmented by 3 tendinous intersections.

Action: Flew and rotate lumbar region

Transverse Abdominis

Deepest of the abdominal wall. The muscle fibre runs in horizontal (transverse) direction.

Action: To compress the abdominal contents.

Internal Oblique

Action: Flexing vertebral column and compressing abdominal wall. Aids muscles in the back to rotate and laterally flex the trunk.

External Oblique

Superficial lateral muscle found in the abdominal wall.

Action: Flexing vertebral column and compressing abdominal wall. Aids muscles in the back to rotate and laterally flex the trunk.

External Intercostal

Again, 11 pairs between ribs that run obliquely (downwards) fro each rib to the next.

Action: Pulls the rib cages up to aid in inspiration. Synergist of the Diaphragm.

Internal Intercostal

11 pairs lie between ribs and run deep to and at right angles of the external intercostals.

Action: Depress ribcage, aid in forced expiration by drawing ribs together

Diaphragm

Forms a floor for the thoracic cavity, when relaxed is a dome shape.

Action: Prime mover of inspiration , flattens on contraction.

Triceps brachii

Location: Posterior compartment of the upper arm.

Action: PRIME MOVER of forearm extension.

Brachioradialis

Location: Lateral forearm, extends from distal humerus, to distal radius.

Action: Flexion and extension of forearm at the elbow.

Biceps Brachii

Two headed muscle found in the anterior part of the upper arm.

Action: Flexes elbow joint, and supinates the forearm (both motions are performed at the same time). Weak flexor of arm at the shoulder











I am going to start doing these in the afternoon, I don't function enough at 4.30am! ARGH :)

Subscapularis

Location: Forms part of the posterior wall of the axilla. A rotator cuff muscle

Action: Rotator of humerus, helps to hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

Teres Minor

Location: Lines inferior to the intraspinatus; small enlongated muscle.

Action: Same as infraspinatus; adducts arm

Infraspinatus

Location: Partly covered by the deltiod and trapezius, named for its scapular location

Action: Holds humerus in gleniod cavity. Stabilises shoulder joint.

Supraspinatus

Located deep to the trapezius on the posterior aspect of the scapula

Action: Stabilises shoulder joint, aids with abduction

Its the little muscle that body builder tend to turn into monster muscle and distort the definition between neck and shoulder :P

Highlighted in red in this diagram.


Best of luck on placement! :) xo

Corachobrachialis

Location: attaches to the coracoid process of the scapula and medial surface of the humerus.

Action: Flexion & adduction of the humerus

Deltoid

We all know this one!

A triangular shaped muscle located on the shoulder.

Action: PRIME MOVER of ARM ABDUCTION

Active when swinging arm as you walk.

Scalenes

(Anterior, middle, posterior)

Location: more laterally than anteriorly on neck. deep to sternocleidomastoid

Action: Elevates first 2 ribs - assists inspiration; flex and rotate neck.

Trapezius

Location: Most superficial muscle of the posterior thorax.

Action: Stabilizes, raises, retracts and rotates the scapula. Can aid in head extension.

Latissimus Dorsi

Location: Broad flat triagnular muscle of lower back (lumbar region); coverd by Trapezius superiorly.

Action: PRIME MOVER of ARM EXTENSION. Also note: arm adductor, medially rotates arm at shoulder. (i.e. used when hammering, swimming, rowing)

Pectoralis Minor

Flat, thin muscle; directly beneath pectoralis major.

With ribs fixed: Brings scapula forward and downward

With scapula fixed: draws rib cage superiorly

Pectoralis Major

The Pectoralis Major is the PRIME MOVER of ARM FLEXION.

Covers the upper portion of the chest, forms the anterior axillary fold (arm pit).

Other actions: Rotates arm medially, adducts arm against resistance.


Ciao Aimee :)

Sternocleiodomastoid

This muscle is deep in the anterolateral surface of the neck.

It has two heads and is the PRIME MOVER of active HEAD FLEXION.

Actions: tilts or laterally flexes the head to opposite shoulder (of the muscle), lifting head when one lays in supine position, flexion of the neck.

Note: The Sternocleidomastoid can be seen in this figure as the left, double headed muscle. This is the same image we have in out textbooks

Ciao Aimee :)

Quadratus Lumborum

Description: This fleshy muscle forms part of the posterior abdominal wall.

Action: Maintains upright posture, assists in forced inspiration, flexes vertebral column laterally.







Ciao Aimee :)

Erector Spinae

The Erector Spinae is the PRIME MOVER of BACK EXTENSION.

Firstly, I should note that there are 3 sets muscles (one on each side of the back, close to the vertebral column) that make up the Erector Spinae: Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis.

The actions: Extends head, and turns it to each side. Extends vertebral column, maintains erect posture, bends vertebral column to laterally.




Hope this helps, if anyone wants extra information let me know. I know the image isn't quite the same as in our textbooks, BUT it gives you a general idea of where the Erector Spinae is located

Happy studying
Ciao Aimz

Beginner Begins

Hey guys,
Here is my method of studying, and trying to learn the muscles of the body to the best of my ability in time for the lab quiz and end of semester exam!
So if you think it will help you then you're welcome to join me on my learning journey :)
Ciao, Aimee